Cichorium intybus

Cichorium intybus

Synonymy

Source: Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
Cichorium intybus L., Sp. Pl.: 813. 1753
    • =Cichorium intybus var. sativum DC. in Lamarck & Candolle, Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 4: 68. 1805
    • ≡Cichorium intybus f. sativum (DC.) Bisch., Beitr. Fl. Deutschl.: 26. 1851
    • ≡Cichorium intybus subsp. sativum (DC.) Janch. in Phyton (Horn) 8: 239. 1959
    • =Cichorium glaucum Hoffmanns. & Link, Fl. Portug. 2: 178. 1825–1828
    • ≡Cichorium intybus subsp. glaucum (Hoffmanns. & Link) Tzvelev in Komarov, Fl. SSSR 29: 17. 1964
    • =Cichorium glabratum C. Presl, Fl. Sicul.: xxxii. 1826
    • ≡Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Arcang., Comp. Fl. Ital.: 413. 1882
    • =Cichorium hirsutum Gren. in Acad. Sci. Besançon, Séance Publique 1838: 137. 1838
    • =Cichorium balearicum Porta in Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 19: 311. 1887
    • ≡Cichorium intybus subsp. balearicum (Porta) Gand., Nov. Consp. Fl. Eur.: 314. 1910
    • =Cichorium intybus var. foliosum Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 6: 997. 1928
    • ≡Cichorium intybus subsp. foliosum (Hegi) Janch. in Phyton (Horn) 8: 240. 1959
    • =Cichorium intybus subsp. sylvestre, nom. inval.

    Content

    Distribution

    AE(G T) Ab(A N) Ag Al Ar Au(A L) BH Be(B L) Bl(I M N) Br Bu By Cg Cm Co Cr Cs Ct Cy Da Es Ga(C F) Ge Gg Gr He Ho Hs(A S) Hu -Ir It Jo La Le Lt Lu Ma Mk Mo Po Rf(C CS E K N NW S) Rm Sa Si(M S) Sk Sl Sr Su Sy Tn Tu(A E) Uk [pAz(C F G J L M P S T) aFe nHb(E N) cLi nNo] 

    Euro+Med not endemic: Albania nativeA,B,C,D,E; Algeria nativeF; Armenia nativeG,H,I; Austria, with Liechtenstein nativeC (Austria nativeJ,K, Liechtenstein nativeL); Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan (core) nativeG,H,M, Nakhchivan nativeG,M); Azores (Corvo introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN,O,P, Faial introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN,O,P, Flores introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN,O,P, Graciosa introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN,O,P, Pico introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN, Santa Maria introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN,O,P, São Jorge introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN,O,P, São Miguel introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN,O,P, Terceira introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationN,O,P); Baleares nativeC,Q,R,S (Ibiza nativeR,T, Mallorca nativeR,T,U, Menorca nativeR,T,V); Belarus nativeH,W; Belgium, with Luxembourg nativeC (Belgium nativeX,Y, Luxembourg nativeY,Z); Bosnia-Herzegovina nativeAA,AB; Bulgaria nativeAC,AD,AE,AF,C; Corsica nativeAG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,C; Crete, with Karpathos nativeAB,AN,AO,AP,AQ,AR,C; Crimea nativeAN,AS,AT,AU,AV,AW,AX,C,W; Croatia native ‒ nativeAB,AY,AZ,BA; Cyprus nativeBB,BC,BD,BE,BF; Czech Republic nativeBG,BH,BI,BJ,BK,BL; Denmark nativeBM,C; East Aegean islands (Greek East Aegean islands nativeAO,AR, Turkish East Aegean islands nativeBN); Estonia nativeBO,BP; Finland casualBQ,C; Former Yugoslavia nativeC; France, with Channel is. and Monaco (Channel islands nativeBR, France nativeAJ,BS,BT,BU,BV,BW,BX,C,T); Georgia nativeBY,BZ,CA,G,H; Germany nativeC,CB,CC,CD,X; Great Britain nativeC,CE; Greece nativeAE,AN,AO,AR,C,CF,CG,CH,CI; Hungary nativeC,CJ,CK; Ireland, with N Ireland (Ireland naturalisedCL,CM,CN, Northern Ireland naturalisedCL,CM); Israel/Palestine native: reported in errorCO; Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City native ‒ nativeAY,C,CP,CQ,CR,CS,CT,CU; Jordan nativeCV,CW,CX; Latvia nativeBP,CY; Lebanon nativeAN,CW,CZ,DA; Libya cultivatedDB,DC; Lithuania nativeBP; Moldova nativeDD,H,W; Montenegro nativeAB,DE; Morocco nativeDF,DG,DH,F; Netherlands nativeC,DI,DJ,DK; North Macedonia nativeAE,DL,DM,DN,DO,DP,DQ,DR,DS; Norway naturalisedDT; Poland nativeC; Portugal nativeDU; Romania nativeAB,C,DV,DW; Russia (C European Russia nativeH,W, E European Russia nativeH,W, Kaliningrad region nativeDX, N European Russia nativeH, NW European Russia nativeH,W, North Caucasus nativeDY,DZ,G,H, S European Russia nativeH,W); Sardinia nativeEA; Serbia, with Kosovo nativeAB,AY,EB; Sicily, with Malta nativeC (Malta nativeEC,ED, Sicily nativeAY,CP,CQ,CR,CU,EE,EF,EG); Slovakia nativeBH,BI,EH; Slovenia nativeEI,EJ,EK; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra nativeC (Andorra nativeDU,EL, Spain nativeDU,EM,EN,EO,EP,Q,T); Sweden nativeC,EQ,ER; Switzerland nativeC,ES,ET,EU; Syria nativeCW,CZ; Tunisia nativeEV,F; Turkey nativeEW (Turkey, Asiatic part nativeAN,EX, Turkey-in-Europe nativeAR,BN,C,EX,EY); Ukraine nativeAU,H,W; Ukraine, with Crimea nativeEZ

    Common Names

    Albanian (Albania): KoreFA, ÇikoreFA; Arabic (Lebanon): هِنْدَبا بَرِّيَّةFB; Arabic (Syria): هِنْدَبا بَرِّيَّةFC; Aragonese (Spain): achicoriaFD, achicoria amargaFD, achicorias amargasFD, amargónFD, chicoinaFD, chicoiraFD, chicoriaFD, chicoriasFD, chocainaFD, chocoriaFD, flor de nocheFD, usilloFD; Armenian (Armenia): Ճարճատուկ սովորականFE; Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese (Spain): chicoriaFD, escarolaFD; Basque (Spain): basatxicoriaFD, basatxikoriaFD, endibiaFD, orikatxaFD, orikatxoFD, oster-zuriFD, osterchuriaFD, osterchuriyaFD, txicoriFD, txikoriFD, txikori orikatxaFD, txikoriaFD, txikoroFD, xikoreFD, xikoriFD; Bulgarian (Bulgaria): Грапавоплодна синя жлъчкаFF; Catalan; Valencian (Spain): cama-rojaFD, camarotjaFD, endíviaFD, escarola bordaFD, mastagueraFD, mastagueresFD, mastegueraFD, masteguera bordaFD, mastegueresFD, màstec bordFD, màstecsFD, màsterecsFD, xicoiaFD, xicoinaFD, xicoiraFD, xicoira amargaFD, xicoriaFD, xicoria amargaFD, xicòriaFD, xicòria de cafèFD; Corsican (Corse): CrispinuFG, Erba amaraFG; Czech (Czech Republic): Čekanka obecnáFH, Čekanka obecná setáFI; Danish (Denmark): CikorieFJ; English (Great Britain): ChicoryFK; Estonian (Estonia): Harilik sigurFL; Finnish (Finland): SikuriFJ, sikuriFM; French (Belgium): Barbe de capucinFN, ChiconFN, ChicoréeFO, Chicorée amèreFN, Chicorée blondeFN, Chicorée de BruxellesFN, Chicorée rougeFN, Chicorée sauvageFP, EndiveFN, WitlofFN; French (Corse): Chicorée amèreFG; French (France): Chicorée amèreFQ, Chicorée sauvageFQ; French (Switzerland): ChicoréeFR, EndiveFR, WitloofFR; Galician (Spain): achicroyaFD, almeiraoFD, chicoiraFD, chicoriaFD, chicoria do cafeFD, chicoria do caféFD, leitariaFD, leitarugaFD, leitugaFD, leiturgaFD, tarreloFD, tarrieloFD, terreloFD; German (Germany): Gewöhnliche WegwarteFS; German (Switzerland): WegwarteFT, ZichorieFT; High Aragonese (Spain): amargónFD, chicoinaFD, chicoiraFD, chicoriaFD, chocoriaFD, flor de nocheFD; Italian (Italy): Cicoria comuneFU; Italian (Switzerland): Cicoria comuneFV, RadicchioFV; Latvian (Latvia): Parastais cigoriņšFL; Lithuanian (Lithuania): Paprastoji trūkažolėFL; Majorcan (Baleares): cama-rojaFD; Majorcan (Mallorca): cama-rojaFD, cama-roja de caluixFD, cama-roja de perdiuFD, cama-roja dolçaFD, cama-rotjaFD, camarotjaFD, camarotjesFD, endiviFD; Norwegian (Norway): SikoriFJ; Polish (Poland): Cykoria podróżnikFW, Cykoria podróżnik siewnaFX; Portuguese (Portugal): almeiramFD, almeiroaFD, almeiroasFD, almeirâoFD, almiroaFD, chicoriaFD, chicoria bravaFD, chicoria dos camposFD, chicória do caféFD, chicória-do-caféFD, intubaceoFD, intuboFD, xicórias bravasFD; Romanian (Moldova): Чикоарэ комунэFY; Russian (Armenia): Цикорий обыкновенныйFE; Spanish; Castilian (Spain): abaleaFD, achicoreaFD, achicoriaFD, achicoria amargaFD, achicoria bordeFD, achicoria bravaFD, achicoria de baleaFD, achicoria de hojeraFD, achicoria silvestreFD, achicoriasFD, achicorias amargasFD, aguachicoriaFD, almeirónFD, almerónFD, almironesFD, almirónFD, almirón amargoFD, almirón de AndalucíaFD, amargónFD, azapuercoFD, azuletesFD, baleaFD, baleoFD, camarojaFD, camarrojaFD, camarroyaFD, chicoriaFD, chicoria amargaFD, chicoria azulFD, chicoria blancaFD, chicoria comúnFD, chicoria de boticaFD, chicoria locaFD, chicoria negraFD, chicoria silvestreFD, chicoriasFD, cicoriaFD, endiviaFD, endivia silvestreFD, escamarrojaFD, escarolaFD, escobaFD, escoba rastreraFD, farineraFD, jarritasFD, lecherinaFD, mamporrinaFD, mazapuercoFD, pimpollaFD, porrinosFD, ramaoyaFD, ripiasFD, salcilloFD, ternasolFD, ternasolesFD; Swedish (Sweden & Finland): cikoriaFM; Swedish (Sweden): CikoriaFZ, SallatscikoriaGA, VägvårdaFJ; Ukrainian (Ukraine): Петрові батогиGB, Цикорій дикийGB; Valencian (Spain): cama-rojaFD, camarotjaFD, chicoinaFD, chicoriaFD, chicoria bordaFD, fuellFD, xacòinaFD, xicoiaFD, xicoiraFD, xicoriaFD

    Bibliography

    A. Barina, Z. 2017: Distribution atlas of vascular plants in Albania. – Budapest: Hungarian Natural History Museum
    B. Demiri, M. 1983: Flora ekskursioniste e shqipërisë. – Tiranë: Shtëpia Botuese e Librit Shkollor
    C. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    D. Vangjeli, J. 1999: Flora e Shqipërisë 4. – Tiranë
    E. Vangjeli, J. 2003: Udhëheqës fushor i florës së Shqipërisë. – Tiranë
    F. Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2011: Index synonymique de la flore d’Afrique du Nord 2. Dicotyledoneae: Acanthaceae - Asteraceae. – Genève
    G. Grossgejm, A. A. 1934: Flora kavkaza 4. – Baku
    H. Komarov, V. L. 1964: Flora SSSR 29 [Bobrov, E. G. & Cvelev, N. N.]. – Leningrad
    I. Tahtadžjan, A. L. 1995: Flora Armenii 9. – Havlíčkův Brod
    J. Adler, W., Oswald, K. & Fischer, R. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Österreich. – Stuttgart & Wien
    K. Polatschek, A. 1999: Flora von Nordtirol, Osttirol und Vorarlberg 2. – Innsbruck
    L. Seitter, H. 1977: Die Flora des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. – Vaduz
    M. Karjagin, I. I. 1961: Flora Azerbajdžana 8. – Baku: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk Azerbajdžanskoj SSR
    N. Borges, P. A. V., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Martins, A. F., Silva, L. & Vieira, V. 2005: Listagem da fauna e flora (Mollusca e Arthropoda) (Bryophyta, Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta) terrestres dos Açores. – Horta, Angra do Heroismo & Ponta Delgada
    O. Franco & J. do Amaral 1984: Nova flora de Portugal (continente e Açores) 2. – Lisboa
    P. Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. 1993: Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4th revised edition. – Sommerfeltia 17
    Q. Bolòs, O. de, Vigo Bonada, J., Masalles, R. M. & Ninot, J. M. 1990: Flora manual dels països catalans. – Barcelona
    R. Duvigneaud, J. 1979: Catalogue provisoire de la flore des Baléares [ed. 2]. – Soc. Échange Pl. Vasc. Eur. Occid. Médit. 17, Suppl: 1-43
    S. Smythies, B. E. 1984: Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands. Checklist of vascular plants, 1. – Englera; Veröffentlichungen aus dem botanischen Garten und botanischen Museum, Berlin-Dahlem 3: 1-212
    T. Bolòs, O. de & Vigo Bonada, J. 1995: Flora dels països catalans 3. – Barcelona
    U. Knoche, H. 1922: Flora balearica 2. – s.l. (as Cichorium intybus f. balearicum)
    V. Fraga, P., Mascaró, C., Carreras, D., García, Ó., Pallicer, X., Pons, M., Seoane, M. & Truyol, M. 2004: Catàleg de la flora vascular de Menorca. – Maó: Institut Menorqui d’Estudis
    W. Fedorov, A. A. 1989: Flora evropejskoj časti SSSR 8 [Cvelev, N. N.]. – Leningrad (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    X. Lambinon, J., Delvosalle, L. & Duvigneaud, J. 2004: Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines, ed. 5. – Meise
    Y. van Rompaey, E. 1972: Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora – Pteridofyten en Spermatofyten. – Meise
    Z. Colling, G. 2005: Red List of the Vascular Plants of Luxembourg. – Ferrantia 42
    AA. Beck, G. 1983: Flora Bosnae et Hercegovinae [Flora Bosne, Hercegovine i novipazarskog sandžaka] 4(4) [Slišković, T.]. – Sarajevo (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    AB. Hayek, A. von 1928–1931: Prodromus florae peninsulae balcanicae, 2. – Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Beihefte 30(2)
    AC. Andreev, N. , Ančev, M. , Kožuharov, S. I. , Markova, M. , Peev, D. & Petrova, A. 1992: Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. – Sofija: Nauka i izkustvo
    AD. As’ov, B., Petrova, A., Dimitrov, D. & Vasilev, R. 2002: Konspekt na visšata flora na Bălgarija, ed. 2. – Sofija
    AE. Hayek, A. von 1928–1931: Prodromus florae peninsulae balcanicae, 2. – Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Beihefte 30(2) (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Arcang.)
    AF. Stojanov, N. & Stefanov, B. 1967: Flora na Bălgarija, 4 [Stojanov, N., Stefanov, B. & Kitanov, B.], 2. – Sofija
    AG. Anonymous [Association Tela Botanica]: Tela Botanica. Flore électronique. Flores en ligne, France métropolitaine – http://www.tela-botanica.org/page:eflore
    AH. Bouchard, J. 1978: Flore pratique de la Corse, ed. 3. – Bastia
    AI. Burdet, H. M. 1993: Compléments au prodrome de la flore corse. Annexe 3 [Gamisans, J. & Jeanmonod, D.]. – Genève
    AJ. Coste, H. 1902–1903: Flore descriptive et illustrée de la France 2. – Paris
    AK. Gamisans, J. 1985: Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Corse. – Ajaccio
    AL. Gamisans, J. 2007: Flora corsica. – Aix-en-Provence
    AM. Jeanmonod, D. & Gamisans, J. 2013: Flora corsica, ed. 2. – Saujon: Société Botanique du Centre-Ouest
    AN. Boissier, P. E. 1875: Flora orientalis 3. – Genève, Basel & Lyon
    AO. Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatroú, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. 2013: Vascular Plants of Greece. An annotated checklist. – Englera 31
    AP. Jahn, R. & Schönfelder, P. 1995: Exkursionsflora für Kreta. – Stuttgart (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Arcang.)
    AQ. Rechinger, K. H. 1944: Flora aegaea. Flora der Inseln und Halbinseln des Ägäischen Meeres. – Denkschriften, Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 105(1) (as Cichorium hirsutum Gren.)
    AR. Rechinger, K. H. 1944: Flora aegaea. Flora der Inseln und Halbinseln des Ägäischen Meeres. – Denkschriften, Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 105(1) (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    AS. Fedorov, A. A. 1989: Flora evropejskoj časti SSSR 8 [Cvelev, N. N.]. – Leningrad (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Arcang.)
    AT. Komarov, V. L. 1964: Flora SSSR 29 [Bobrov, E. G. & Cvelev, N. N.]. – Leningrad (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glaucum (Hoffmanns. & Link) Tzvelev)
    AU. Prokudin, J. N. 1987: Opredelitel’ vysših rastenij Ukrainy. – Kiev: Naukova Dumka
    AV. Rubcov, N. I. 1972: Opredelitel’ vysših rastenij Kryma. – Leningrad
    AW. Vul’f, E. V. 1969: Flora Kryma 3(3) [Rubcov, N. I. & Privalova, L. A.]. – Moskva & Jalta (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    AX. Vul’f, E. V. 1969: Flora Kryma 3(3) [Rubcov, N. I. & Privalova, L. A.]. – Moskva & Jalta (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glaucum (Hoffmanns. & Link) Tzvelev)
    AY. Fiori, A. 1925–1929: Nuova flora analitica d’Italia 2. – Firenze
    AZ. Nikolić, T. 2000: Flora Croatica. Index florae Croaticae, 3. – Natura Croatica 9, Suppl. 1
    BA. Nikolić, T. 2020: Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske 2. – Zagreb
    BB. Chrtek, J. & Slavík, B. 1993: Contribution to the flora of Cyprus 2. – Flora Mediterranea 3: 239-259
    BC. Della, A. 1999: The Cyprus flora in checklist format. – Roma
    BD. Hand, R. 2004: Supplementary notes to the flora of Cyprus IV. – Willdenowia 34: 427-456
    BE. Heller, D. & Heyn, C. C. 1993: Conspectus florae orientalis 8. – Jerusalem
    BF. Meikle, R. D. 1985: Flora of Cyprus 2. – Kew
    BG. Danihelka, J., Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. 2012: Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. – Preslia 84: 647-811
    BH. Dostál, J. 1989: Nová kvetena CSSR 2. – Praha (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    BI. Dostál, J. 1992: Vel’ký kl’úc na určovanie vyšších rastlín 2. – Bratislava (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    BJ. Kubát, K. 2002: Klíč ke květeně České republiky. – Praha (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    BK. Pyšek, P., Sádlo, J. & Mandák, B. 2002: Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic. – Preslia. Věstník (Časopis) československé botanické společnosti 74: 97-186 (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    BL. Slavík, B. & Štěpánková, J. 2004: Květena České Republiky 7. – Praha (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    BM. Hansen, K. 1993: Dansk feltflora. – København
    BN. Seçmen, Ö. & Leblebici, E. 1978: Gökçeada ve Bozcaada adalarının vejetasyon ve florası. II. Florası. – Bitki; Turkish journal of plant science 5: 271-368
    BO. Eichwald, K. & al. 1978: Eesti NSV floora 6. – Tallinn
    BP. Kuusk, V., Tabaka, L. & Jankjavičene, R. 2003: Flora baltijskih republik. Svodka sosudistyh rastenij 3. – Tartu
    BQ. Hämet-Ahti, L., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T. & Uotila, P. 1998: Retkeilykasvio, ed. 4. – Helsinki
    BR. Perring, F. H. & Walters, S. M. 1982: Atlas of the British flora, ed. 3. – Peterborough
    BS. Anonymous [Association Tela Botanica]: Tela Botanica. Flore électronique. Flores en ligne, France métropolitaine – http://www.tela-botanica.org/page:eflore (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Arcang.)
    BT. Anonymous [Association Tela Botanica]: Tela Botanica. Flore électronique. Flores en ligne, France métropolitaine – http://www.tela-botanica.org/page:eflore (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    BU. Fournier, P. 1934–1940: Les quatre flores de la France, Corse comprise. – Paris
    BV. Guinochet, M. & Vilmorin, R. de 1982: Flore de France 4. – Paris
    BW. Kerguélen, M. 1993: Index synonymique de la flore de France. – Paris (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Arcang.)
    BX. Tison, J.-M. & de Foucault, B. 2014: Flora Gallica. – Mèze: Biotope
    BY. Davlianidze, M. T., Gvinisashvili, T., Mukbaniani, M. V., Jinjolia, L. & Jugheli, T. 2018: Nomenclatural Checklist of Flora of Georgia. – Tbilisi: Ilia State University, Institute of Botany
    BZ. Kec'xoveli, N. (ed. Gagnidze, R.) 2003: Flora Gruzii, ed. 2, 14. – Tbilisi
    CA. Kec'xoveli, N. 1952: Flora Gruzii 8. – Tbilisi
    CB. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4. Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 8. – Jena, Stuttgart
    CC. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 2000: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 3. Gefäßpflanzen: Atlasband, ed. 10. – Heidelberg, Berlin
    CD. Wisskirchen, R. & Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. – Stuttgart
    CE. Sell, P. & Murrell, G. 2006: Flora of Great Britain and Ireland 4. – Cambridge (as Cichorium intybus subsp. sylvestre)
    CF. Halácsy, E. von 1902: Conspectus florae graecae 2. – Lepizig (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    CG. Halácsy, E. von 1908: Supplementum conspectus florae graecae. – Leipzig (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    CH. Halácsy, E. von 1912: Supplementum secundum conspectus florae graecae. – Magyar botanikai lapok 11: 114-202 (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    CI. Rechinger, K. H. 1949: Florae aegaeae supplementum. – Phyton (Horn) 1: 194-228
    CJ. Horváth, F., Dobolyi, Z. K., Morschhauser, T, Lőkös, L., Karas, L. & Szerdahelyi, T. 1995: Flóra adatbázis 1.2. Taxon-lista és attribútum allomány. – Vácrátót
    CK. Simon, T. 1992: A magyarországi edényes flóra határozója. Harasztok - virágos növények. – Budapest
    CL. Reynolds, S. C. P. 2002: A catalogue of alien plants in Ireland. – Glasnevin
    CM. Scannell, M. J. P. & Synnott, D. M. 1987: Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland, ed. 2. – Dublin
    CN. Webb, D. A., Parnell, J. & Doogue, D. 1996: An Irish Flora. – Dundalk
    CO. Zohary, M. & Feinbrun-Dothan, N. 1978: Flora Palaestina 3 (Text) [Feinbrun-Dothan, N.]. – Jerusalem
    CP. Conti, F., Abbate, G., Alessandrini, A. & Blasi, C. 2005: An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. – Roma: Fratelli Palombi (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    CQ. Fiori, A. 1925–1929: Nuova flora analitica d’Italia 2. – Firenze (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    CR. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 3. – Bologna
    CS. Wilhalm, T., Niklfeld, H. & Gutermann, W. 2006: Katalog der Gefäßpflanzen Südtirols. – Veröffentlichungen Naturmuseum Südtirol 3
    CT. Zangheri, P. 1976: Flora italica 1 (Testo). – Padova (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    CU. Zangheri, P. 1976: Flora italica 1 (Testo). – Padova (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    CV. Al-Eisawi, D. M. 1982: List of Jordan vascular plants. – Mitteilungen (aus) der Botanischen Staatssammlung München 18: 79-182
    CW. Post, G. E. 1933: Flora of Syria, Palestine, and Sinai, 2 [Dinsmore, J. E.], 2. – Beirut
    CX. Taifour, H. & El-Oqlah, A. A. 2017: The plants of Jordan. An annotated checklist. – Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens
    CY. Tabaka, L., Gabrilova, G. & Fatare, I. 1988: Flora sosudistyh rastenij Latvijskoj SSR. – Riga
    CZ. Mouterde, P. 1978–1984: Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie 3, Texte. – Beirut
    DA. Tohmé, G. & Tohmé, H. 2007: Illustrated flora of Lebanon. – Beirut
    DB. Ali, S. I. & Jafri, S. M. H. 1983: Flora of Libya 107 [Alavi, S. A.]. – Tripoli
    DC. Boulos, L. 1979: A check-list of the Libyan flora 3. Compositae (by C. Jeffrey). – Candollea 34: 307-332
    DD. Gejdeman, T. S. 1986: Opredelitel' vysših rastenij Moldavskoj SSR, ed. 3. – Kisinev: Shtiintza
    DE. Rohlena, J. 1942: Conspectus florae montenegrinae. – Preslia. Věstník (Časopis) československé botanické společnosti 20-21: 1-506
    DF. Jahandiez, É. & Maire, R. C. J. E. 1934: Catalogue des plantes du Maroc 3. – Alger (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    DG. Nègre, R. 1962: Petite flore des régions arides du Maroc occidental 2. – Paris
    DH. Valdés, B., Rejdali, M., Achhal El Kadmiri, A., Jury, S. L. & Montserrat-Marti, J. M. 2002: Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du nord du Maroc, incluant des clés d’identification 2. – Madrid
    DI. Duistermaat, H., Sparrius, L. B. & Denters, T. 2021: Standaardlijst van de Nederlandse flora 2020. – Gorteria; mededelingenblad ten dienste van de floristiek en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland 43: 109-156
    DJ. Meijden, R. van der 1990: Heukels' Flora van Nederland, ed. 21. – Groningen
    DK. Meijden, R. van der 2005: Heukels' flora van Nederland, ed. 23. – Groningen
    DL. Bornmüller, J. 1926: Beiträge zur Flora Mazedoniens. Sammlungen in den Kriegsjahren 1916-1918. II. – Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. Beiblätter 136 (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    DM. Bornmüller, J. 1928: Bearbeitung der von H. Burgeff und Th. Herzog in den Kriegsjahren 1916/18 in Macedonien gesammelten Pflanzen, II. – Allgemeine Botanische Zeitschrift für Systematik, Floristik, Pflanzengeographie etc. 33: 25-38
    DN. Drenkovski, R. 1969: Ein Überblick über die Flora des Vodnogebirges. – Godišen zbornik, prirodno-matematički fakultet na univerzitetot- Skopje. Biologija 21: 163-182 (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    DO. Hayek, A. von 1928–1931: Prodromus florae peninsulae balcanicae, 2. – Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Beihefte 30(2) (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    DP. Matevski, V. 1995: Florata na planinskiot masiv Dobra Voda. – Skopje
    DQ. Nikolovski, T. & Cirimotić, J. 1958: Karakteristika na krajbrežnite rastitelni grupacii po srednoto i dolnoto tečenie na r. Vardar (poteg Titov Veles-Gevgelija). – Godišnik Šumarski Institut 3: 119-149
    DR. Stojanov, N. 1928: Thracische und macedonische Herbarmaterialen des verstorbenen Prof. Dr. Theodor Nikoloff. – Spisanie na bulgarskata akademija na naukite 37: 49-209
    DS. Černjavski, P. 1943: Prilog za florističko poznavanje šire okoline Ohridskog Jezera. – Posebna izdanja, Srpska Kraljevska Akademija. Prirodnjački i matematički spisi 35: 11-88
    DT. Lid, J. & Lid, D. T. 2005: Norsk Flora, ed. 7
    DU. Castroviejo, S. 2017: Flora Iberica 16(2). – Madrid
    DV. Ciocârlan, V. 1990: Flora ilustrata a României 2. – Bucureşti: Editura Ceres (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    DW. Popescu, A. & Sanda, V. 1998: Conspectul florei cormofitelor spontane din România. – Acta Bot. Horti Bucurest., Suppl.
    DX. Dedkov, V. P. (ed.) 1999: Konspekt sosudistyh rastenij Kaliningradskoj Oblasti. – Kaliningrad
    DY. Galuško, A. I. 1980: Flora severnogo Kavkaza 3. – Rostov-na-Donu
    DZ. Zernov, A. S. 2000: Rastenija severo-zapadnogo Zakavkaz’ja. – Moskva
    EA. Arrigoni, P. V. 2015: Flora dell'isola di Sardegna 5. – Sassari: Carlo Delfino
    EB. Josifović, M. 1975: Flora SR Srbije 7. – Beograd: Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosni
    EC. Haslam, S. L., Sell, P. D. & Wolseley, P. A. 1977: A flora of the Maltese Islands. – Msida
    ED. Lanfranco, G. G. 1955: Guide to the flora of Malta. – Malta
    EE. Conti, F., Abbate, G., Alessandrini, A. & Blasi, C. 2005: An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. – Roma: Fratelli Palombi (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Arcang.)
    EF. Giardina, G., Raimondo, F. M. & Spadaro, V. 2007: A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily. – Bocconea 20 (as Cichorium intybus var. intybus)
    EG. Giardina, G., Raimondo, F. M. & Spadaro, V. 2007: A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily. – Bocconea 20 (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    EH. Halada, L. 1997: Archeofyty flóra Slovenska - predbežný zoznam (Archeophytes in the flora of Slovakia - a preliminary list). – Bull. Slov. Bot. Spoločn. 19: 129-136
    EI. Martinčič, A. & Sušnik, F. 1969: Mala flora Slovenije. – Ljubljana
    EJ. Martinčič, A. 1999: Mala flora Slovenije, ed. 3. – Ljubljana
    EK. Trpin, D. & Vreš, B. 1995: Register flore Slovenije. Praprotnice in cvetnice. – Ljubljana
    EL. Carrillo, E., Mercadé, A., Ninot, J. M., Carreras, J., Ferré, A. & Font, X. 2008: Check-list i Llista vermella de la flora d’Andorra
    EM. Aizpuru, I., Aseginolaza, C., Uribe-Echebarría, P. M., Urrutia, P. & Zorrakin, I. 1999: Clave ilustrada de la flora del País Vasco y territorios limitrofes. – Vitoria-Gasteiz
    EN. Valdés, B., Talavera, S. & Fernández-Galiano, E. 1987: Flora vascular de Andalucía occidental 3. – Barcelona
    EO. Villar, L., Sesé, J. A. & Ferrández, J. V. 2001: Atlas de la flora del Pirineo Aragonés 2. – Huesca
    EP. Willkomm, M. & Lange, J. 1865–1870: Prodromus florae hispanicae 2. – Stuttgart (as Cichorium intybus var. glabratum)
    EQ. Karlsson, T. 1998: Förteckning över svenska kärlväxter. – Svensk botanisk tidskrift utgifven af svenska botaniska föreningen 91(5): 241-560
    ER. Krok, T. O. B. N. & Almquist, S. O. I. 1994: Svensk Flora: Fanerogamer och ormbunksvaxter 27, ed. 27. – Stockholm
    ES. Aeschimann, D. & Burdet, H. M. 1994: Flore de la Suisse, ed. 2. – Neuchâtel
    ET. Hess, H. E. 1998: Bestimmungsschlüssel zur Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete, ed. 4. – Basel, Boston & Berlin
    EU. Schinz, H. & Keller, R. 1914: Flora der Schweiz, ed. 3, 2. – Zürich
    EV. Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1981: Flore de la Tunisie 2. – Tunis (as Cichorium intybus subsp. intybus)
    EW. Güner, A. 2012: Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. – Istanbul
    EX. Davis, P. H. 1975: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 5. – Edinburgh
    EY. Webb, D. A. 1966: The flora of European Turkey. – Proceedings of the royal irish academy. Section B, biological, geological and chemical sciences 65/B/1: 1-100
    EZ. Mosyakin, S. L. & Fedoronchuk, M. M. 1999: Vascular plants of Ukraine. A nomenclatural checklist. – Kiev: M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (as Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Arcang.)
    FA. Vangjeli, J. (ed.) 2000: Flore de l'Albanie 4 (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FB. Nehmé, M. 2000: Dictionnaire Etymologique de la Flore du Liban (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FC. Nehmé, M. 2008: Etymological Dictionary of Syrian Flora (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FD. anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/ (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FE. Takhtajan, A. L. 1995: Flora of Armenia 9 (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FF. Andreev, N. , Ančev, M. , Kožuharov, S. I. , Markova, M. , Peev, D. & Petrova, A. 1992: Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. – Sofija: Nauka i izkustvo (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FG. Gamisans, J. 2007: Flora Corsica (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FH. Jindřich Chrtek: Seznam vyšších rostlin květeny České republiky – http://www.ibot.cas.cz/nastenka/index.php (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FI. Jindřich Chrtek: Seznam vyšších rostlin květeny České republiky – http://www.ibot.cas.cz/nastenka/index.php (as Cichorium intybus subsp. foliosum (Hegi) Janch.)
    FJ. Den virtuella floran – http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/welcome.html (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FK. Dony, J. G., Jury, S. L. & Perring, F. H. 1986: English Names of Wild Flowers, a list recommended by the Botanical Society of the British Isles, ed. 2 (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FL. Kuusk, V., Tabaka, L. & Jankjavičene, R. 2003: Flora baltijskich respublik. Flora of the Baltic countries. 3. – Tartu (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FM. Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R., Piirainen, M. & Uotila, P. 2019: Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland. Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo. – Helsinki: Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FN. Mauhin, F. 2007: Les noms français des plantes vasculaires de Belgique et des Régions voisines – http://www.lessources-cnb.be (as Cichorium intybus var. foliosum Hegi)
    FO. Mauhin, F. 2007: Les noms français des plantes vasculaires de Belgique et des Régions voisines – http://www.lessources-cnb.be (as Cichorium intybus var. sativum DC.)
    FP. Mauhin, F. 2007: Les noms français des plantes vasculaires de Belgique et des Régions voisines – http://www.lessources-cnb.be (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FQ. 2006: Tela Botanica, Le réseau de la botanique francophone – http://www.tela-botanica.org/ (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FR. Aeschimann, D. & Heitz, C. 1996: Index synonymique de la flore de Suisse et territoires limitrophes (ISFS). – Genève (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FS. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 2005: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4: Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 10. – München (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FT. Aeschimann, D. & Heitz, C. 1996: Synonymie-Index der Schweizer Flora und der angenzenden Gebiete (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FU. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 3. – Bologna (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FV. Aeschimann, D. & Heitz, C. 1996: Indice sinonimico della Flora della Svizzera e territori limitrofi (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FW. Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkova, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M. 2002: Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist. – Biodiversity Poland 1 (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FX. Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkova, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M. 2002: Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist. – Biodiversity Poland 1 (as Cichorium intybus subsp. sativum (DC.) Janch.)
    FY. Gejdeman, T. S. 1986: Opredelitel' vysših rastenij Moldavskoj SSR, ed. 3. – Kisinev: Shtiintza (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    FZ. Karlsson, T. & Thomas: Checklista över Nordens kärlväxter – http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/chk/chk3.htm (as Cichorium intybus L.)
    GA. Karlsson, T. & Thomas: Checklista över Nordens kärlväxter – http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/chk/chk3.htm (as Cichorium intybus var. foliosum Hegi)
    GB. Prokudin, J. N. 1999: Opredelitel’ vysših rastenij Ukrainy (as Cichorium intybus L.)