Xanthium orientale

Xanthium orientale

Synonymy

Source: Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
Xanthium orientale L., Sp. Pl., ed. 2: 1400. 1763
    • =Xanthium canadense Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8: Xanthium No. 2. 1768
    • =Xanthium macrocarpum DC. in Lamarck & Candolle, Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 5: 356. 1815
    • Xanthium riparium Itzigs. & Hertsch in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 12: 34. 1854, nom. illeg. [is earlier homonym of Xanthium riparium Lasch]
    • "Xanthium chinense" sensu Anonymous [Association Tela Botanica]1; sensu Lambinon & al. 20042
    • "Xanthium strumarium subsp. italicum" sensu Sell & Murrell 20063
    • 1. Anonymous [Association Tela Botanica]: Tela Botanica. Flore électronique. Flores en ligne, France métropolitaine – http://www.tela-botanica.org/page:eflore , 2. Lambinon, J., Delvosalle, L. & Duvigneaud, J. 2004: Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines, ed. 5. – Meise , 3. Sell, P. & Murrell, G. 2006: Flora of Great Britain and Ireland 4. – Cambridge

    Distribution

    Tu [AE(G) nAg nAl nAr nAu(A) ?Az(nF nG nL nM nS nT) nBH nBe(B) nBl(M N) pBr nBu pBy nCa(C F L T) nCg pCm nCo nCr nCs nCt nEg nEs nGa(F M) nGe nGg pGr pHe nHo Hs(nG nS) nHu nIr nIt nLa nLe nLi nLt nLu nMa nMd(pM) nMk pMo nPo Rf(pC nCS pE pK pN pNW pS) nRm nSa nSi(S) nSk nSl nSn aSr nTn Tu(A E) aUk] 

    Euro+Med not endemic: Albania naturalised; Algeria naturalised; Armenia naturalised; Austria, with Liechtenstein (Austria naturalised); Azores introduced: presence questionable (Faial naturalised, Flores naturalised, Graciosa naturalised, Santa Maria naturalised, São Miguel naturalised, Terceira naturalised); Baleares (Mallorca naturalised, Menorca naturalised); Belarus introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation; Belgium, with Luxembourg naturalised (Belgium naturalisedA,B); Bosnia-Herzegovina naturalised; Bulgaria naturalised; Canary islands naturalised (Fuerteventura introduced, Gran Canaria introduced, Lanzarote introduced, Tenerife introduced); Corsica naturalised; Crete, with Karpathos naturalised; Crimea introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation; Croatia naturalised; Czech Republic naturalised; East Aegean islands (Greek East Aegean islands introduced); Egypt naturalised; Estonia naturalised; France, with Channel is. and Monaco (France naturalised, Monaco naturalised); Georgia naturalised; Germany naturalised; Great Britain introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisationC; Greece introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation; Hungary naturalised; Israel/Palestine naturalised; Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City naturalised; Latvia naturalised; Lebanon naturalised; Libya naturalised; Lithuania naturalised; Madeira archipelago naturalised (Madeira island introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation); Moldova introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation; Montenegro naturalised; Morocco naturalised; Netherlands naturalisednaturalisedD; North Macedonia naturalised; Poland naturalised; Portugal naturalisednaturalisedE; Romania naturalised; Russia (C European Russia introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, E European Russia introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, Kaliningrad region introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, N European Russia introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, NW European Russia introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation, North Caucasus naturalised, S European Russia introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation); Sardinia naturalised; Serbia, with Kosovo casual; Sicily, with Malta (Sicily naturalised); Sinai naturalised; Slovakia naturalised; Slovenia naturalised; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra introduced (Gibraltar naturalised, Spain naturalised); Switzerland introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation; Tunisia naturalised; Turkey native (Turkey, Asiatic part introduced, Turkey-in-Europe introduced); Ukraine casual; Ukraine, with Crimea introduced: uncertain degree of naturalisation

    Common Names

    Dutch; Flemish (Netherlands): OeverstekelnootF; Finnish (Finland): tummasappiruohoG; French (Belgium): Lampourde à gros fruitsH; French (France): Lampourde d'OrientI, Lampourde à gros fruitsI; French (Switzerland): Lampourde d'orientJ; German (Germany): Großfrüchtige SpitzkletteK; German (Switzerland): Grossfrüchtige SpitzkletteL; Italian (Italy): Nappola orientaleM; Italian (Switzerland): Nappola orientaleN; Swedish (Sweden & Finland): mörkt gullfröG

    Bibliography

    A. Lambinon, J., Delvosalle, L. & Duvigneaud, J. 2004: Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines, ed. 5. – Meise
    B. Verloove, F. 2002: Ingeburgerde plantensoorten in Vlaanderen. – Brussels
    C. Sell, P. & Murrell, G. 2006: Flora of Great Britain and Ireland 4. – Cambridge (as Xanthium strumarium subsp. italicum)
    D. Duistermaat, H., Sparrius, L. B. & Denters, T. 2021: Standaardlijst van de Nederlandse flora 2020. – Gorteria; mededelingenblad ten dienste van de floristiek en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland 43: 109-156
    E. Coutinho, A. X. P. 1939: A flora de Portugal, ed. 2. – Lisboa
    F. Meijden, R. van der 1990: Heukels' Flora van Nederland, ed. 21. – Groningen
    G. Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R., Piirainen, M. & Uotila, P. 2019: Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland. Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo. – Helsinki: Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS
    H. Mauhin, F. 2007: Les noms français des plantes vasculaires de Belgique et des Régions voisines – http://www.lessources-cnb.be
    I. 2006: Tela Botanica, Le réseau de la botanique francophone – http://www.tela-botanica.org/
    J. Aeschimann, D. & Heitz, C. 1996: Index synonymique de la flore de Suisse et territoires limitrophes (ISFS). – Genève
    K. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 2005: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4: Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 10. – München
    L. Aeschimann, D. & Heitz, C. 1996: Synonymie-Index der Schweizer Flora und der angenzenden Gebiete
    M. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 3. – Bologna
    N. Aeschimann, D. & Heitz, C. 1996: Indice sinonimico della Flora della Svizzera e territori limitrofi