Torilis africana

Synonymy

Source: Hand, R. (2011+): Apiaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Torilis africana Spreng. in Commentat. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. Recent. 2: 7. 1813

=Caucalis purpurea Ten., Tratt. Fitogn. 4: 209. 1823
≡Torilis purpurea (Ten.) Guss., Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 325. 1827
≡Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30: 1057. 1927

=Torilis heterophylla Guss., Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 326. 1827
≡Torilis arvensis subsp. heterophylla (Guss.) Thell. in Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5: 1057. 1926

=Torilis homophylla Stapf & Wettst. in Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 372. 1886

Content

Distribution

● AE(G) Ab(A N) Ag Al Ar Az BH Bl(M N) Bu Ca(dC dG dH dP dT) Cg Cm Co Cr Ct Cy Ga(F) Gg Gr Hs(S) Ir It Jo Le Li Lu Ma Md(M) Mk Rf(CS) Rm Sa Si(M S) Sl Sr Sy Tn Tu(A E) [aGe]

Euro+Med endemicA,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L: Albania nativeM,N,O; Algeria nativeP,Q; Armenia nativeR; Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan (core) nativeS,T, Nakhchivan nativeS,T); Azores nativeM; Baleares nativeA,M (Mallorca nativeU,V, Menorca nativeU); Bosnia-Herzegovina nativeW; Bulgaria nativeAA,M,X,Y,Z; Canary islands nativeP (Gomera native: doubtfully nativeAB,AC, Gran Canaria native: doubtfully nativeAB,AC, Hierro native: doubtfully nativeAB, La Palma native: doubtfully nativeAB,AC, Tenerife native: doubtfully nativeAB,AC); Corsica nativeAD,AE,AF,AG,B,E,M; Crete, with Karpathos nativeAH,AI,AJ,M; Crimea nativeAK,AL,M; Croatia nativeAM,AN,AO; Cyprus nativeAP,L; East Aegean islands (Greek East Aegean islands nativeAI,C); Former Yugoslavia nativeM; France, with Channel is. and Monaco (France nativeAF,AG,F,M); Georgia nativeT; Germany casualAQ,AR; Greece nativeAI,M; Israel/Palestine nativeAS; Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City nativeAO,AT,I,M; Jordan nativeAS; Lebanon nativeAS,AU,AV,J; Libya nativeD,P; Madeira archipelago (Madeira island nativeAW); Montenegro nativeAX; Morocco nativeAY,AZ,P; North Macedonia nativeBA; Portugal nativeBB,M,U; Romania nativeM; Russia (North Caucasus nativeBC,T); Sardinia nativeAT,BD,I,M; Serbia, with Kosovo nativeBE; Sicily, with Malta nativeM (Malta nativeG, Sicily nativeAT,BF,I); Slovenia nativeAO,BG; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra nativeM (Spain nativeA,BH,U); Syria nativeAV,J; Tunisia nativeBI,K,P; Turkey (Turkey, Asiatic part nativeBJ,C, Turkey-in-Europe nativeBJ,C,M); Ukraine, with Crimea nativeBK

Common Names

Spanish; Castilian (Spain): cachurrosBL

Bibliography

A. Bolòs, O. de, Vigo Bonada, J., Masalles, R. M. & Ninot, J. M. 1990: Flora manual dels països catalans. – Barcelona (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

B. Burdet, H. M. 1993: Compléments au prodrome de la flore corse. Annexe 3 [Gamisans, J. & Jeanmonod, D.]. – Genève (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

C. Davis, P. H. 1972: Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands 4 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

D. El-Gadi, A. A. 1985: Flora of Libya 117 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

E. Gamisans, J. 1985: Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Corse. – Ajaccio (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

F. Guinochet, M. & Vilmorin, R. de 1975: Flore de France 2 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

G. Haslam, S. L., Sell, P. D. & Wolseley, P. A. 1977: A flora of the Maltese Islands. – Msida (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

H. Meikle, R. D. 1977: Flora of Cyprus 1. – Kew (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

I. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 2 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

J. Post, G. E. 1932: Flora of Syria, Palestine, and Sinai 1. – Beirut (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

K. Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1981: Flore de la Tunisie 2. – Tunis (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

L. Viney, D. E. 1994: An illustrated flora of North Cyprus 1. – Vaduz (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

M. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

N. Vangjeli, J. 2003: Udhëheqës fushor i florës së Shqipërisë. – Tiranë (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

O. Vangjeli, J. 2015: Excursion Flora of Albania (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

P. Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2011: Index synonymique de la flore d’Afrique du Nord 2. Dicotyledoneae: Acanthaceae - Asteraceae. – Genève

Q. Quézel, P. A. & Santa, S. 1963: Nouvelle flore de l’Algérie et des régions désertiques méridionales 2. – Paris (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

R. Takhtadjan, A. L. 2010: Flora Armenii 11. – Ruggell/Liechtenstein: A.R.G. Gantner (as Torilis heterophylla Guss.)

S. Karjagin, I. I. 1955: Flora Azerbajdžana 6. – Baku: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk Azerbajdžanskoj SSR (as Torilis heterophylla Guss.)

T. Takhtajan, A. L. 2008: Konspekt flory Kavkaza 3(1). – Sankt-Peterburg & Moskva (as Torilis heterophylla Guss.)

U. Castroviejo, S. 2003: Flora Iberica 10 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

V. Duvigneaud, J. 1979: Catalogue provisoire de la flore des Baléares [ed. 2]. – Soc. Échange Pl. Vasc. Eur. Occid. Médit. 17, Suppl: 1-43 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

W. Hayek, A. von 1927: Prodromus florae peninsulae Balcanicae. – Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis. Beihefte 30(1): 1-1193 (as Torilis heterophylla Guss.)

X. Andreev, N. , Ančev, M. , Kožuharov, S. I. , Markova, M. , Peev, D. & Petrova, A. 1992: Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. – Sofija: Nauka i izkustvo (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

Y. Assyov, B., Petrova, A., Dimitrov, D. & Vassilev, R. 2012: Konspekt na visšata flora na Bălgarija, ed. 4. – Sofija (as Torilis heterophylla Guss.)

Z. As’ov, B., Petrova, A., Dimitrov, D. & Vasilev, R. 2002: Konspekt na visšata flora na Bălgarija, ed. 2. – Sofija (as Torilis heterophylla Guss.)

AA. Jordanov, D. 1982: Flora na Narodna Republika Bălgarija 8. – Sofija (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AB. Acebes Ginovés, J. R. & al. 2010: Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta, pp. 119-172. – In: Arechavaleta, M., Rodríguez, S., Zurita, N. & García, A., Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias. Hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2009. – Santa Cruz de Tenerife (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AC. Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. 1993: Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4th revised edition. – Sommerfeltia 17 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AD. Gamisans, J. 2007: Flora corsica. – Aix-en-Provence

AE. Jeanmonod, D. & Gamisans, J. 2013: Flora corsica, ed. 2. – Saujon: Société Botanique du Centre-Ouest

AF. Reduron, J.-P. 2008: Ombellifères de France 5. – Bulletin de la société botanique du Centre-Ouest num. spec. 30

AG. Tison, J.-M. & de Foucault, B. 2014: Flora Gallica. – Mèze: Biotope

AH. Bergmeier, E. 2011: New floristic records, confirmations and other phytogeographical notes from Crete. – Willdenowia 41: 167-177 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AI. Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatroú, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A. & Tzanoudakis, D. 2013: Vascular Plants of Greece. An annotated checklist. – Englera 31

AJ. Jahn, R. & Schönfelder, P. 1995: Exkursionsflora für Kreta. – Stuttgart (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AK. Prokudin, J. N. 1987: Opredelitel’ vysših rastenij Ukrainy. – Kiev: Naukova Dumka (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AL. Tzvelev, N. N. 2004: Flora vostočnoj Evropy 11. – Sankt-Peterburg (as Torilis heterophylla Guss.)

AM. Nikolić, T. 1997: Flora Croatica, Index Florae Croaticae Pars 2. – Zagreb: Croatian Natural History Museum (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AN. Nikolić, T. 2020: Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske 2. – Zagreb (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AO. Rottensteiner, W. K. 2014: Exkursionsflora für Istrien. – Klagenfurt

AP. Meikle, R. D. 1977: Flora of Cyprus 1. – Kew (as Torilis purpurea (Ten.) Guss.)

AQ. Buttler, K. P., Thieme, M. & Mitarbeiter 2010: Florenliste von Deutschland – Gefäßpflanzen, Version 2 (Oktober 2010) – http://www.kp-buttler.de/florenliste/index.htm

AR. Buttler, K. P., Thieme, M. & Mitarbeiter 2018: Florenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 10 (August 2018) – http://www.kp-buttler.de/florenliste/index.htm

AS. Post, G. E. 1932: Flora of Syria, Palestine, and Sinai 1. – Beirut (as Torilis homophylla Stapf & Wettst.)

AT. Conti, F., Abbate, G., Alessandrini, A. & Blasi, C. 2005: An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. – Roma: Fratelli Palombi (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AU. Mouterde, P. 1970: Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie 2. – Beyrouth (as Torilis homophylla Stapf & Wettst.)

AV. Mouterde, P. 1970: Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie 2. – Beyrouth (as Torilis purpurea (Ten.) Guss.)

AW. Jardim, R. & Menezes de Sequeira, M. 2008: Lista das plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta), pp. 179-207. – In: Borges, P. A. V., Abreu, C., Franquinho Aguiar, A. M., Carvalho, P., Jardim, R., Melo, I., Oliveira, P., Sérgio, C., Serrano, A. R. M. & Vieira, P., Listagem dos fungos, flora e fauna terrestra dos arquipélagos da Madeira e Selvagens. – Funchal (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AX. Pulević, V. 2005: Građa za vaskularnu floru Crne Gore. – Podgorica (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AY. Fennane, M., Ibn Tattou, M., Ouyahya, A. & El Oualidi, J. 2007: Flore pratique du Maroc. Manuel de détermination des plantes vasculaires. – Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique, Université Mohammed V. Série botanique 2: v-xi; 1-636 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

AZ. Jahandiez, É. & Maire, R. C. J. E. 1932: Catalogue des plantes du Maroc 2. – Alger (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BA. Micevski, K. 2005: Flora na Republika Makedonija 1(6). – Skopje (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BB. J. M. A. do A. Franco 1971: Nova Flora de Portugal (continente e Açores). 1. – Lisboa (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BC. Komarov, V. L. (ed. Schischkin, K. & Bobrov, E.) 1950: Flora URSS 16. – Leningrad (as Torilis heterophylla Guss.)

BD. Arrigoni, P. V. 2013: Flora dell'isola di Sardegna 4. – Sassari: Carlo Delfino

BE. Josifović, M. 1973: Flora SR Srbije = Flore de la Republique Socialiste de Serbie 5. – Beograd: Acadeie Serbe des sciences et des arts (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BF. Giardina, G., Raimondo, F. M. & Spadaro, V. 2007: A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily. – Bocconea 20 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BG. Martinčič, A. 1999: Mala flora Slovenije, ed. 3. – Ljubljana (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BH. Valdés, B. 1987: Flora Vascular de Andalucía Occidental 2 (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BI. Le Floc’h, E. & Boulos, L. 2008: Flore de Tunisie. Catalogue synonymique commenté. – Montpellier (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BJ. Güner, A. 2012: Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. – Istanbul (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BK. Mosyakin, S. L. & Fedoronchuk, M. M. 1999: Vascular plants of Ukraine. A nomenclatural checklist. – Kiev: M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)

BL. anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/ (as Torilis arvensis subsp. purpurea (Ten.) Hayek)