Phragmites australis

Phragmites australis

Synonymy

Source: Valdés, B. & Scholz, H.; with contributions from Raab-Straube, E. von & Parolly, G. (2009+): Poaceae (pro parte majore). Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 324. 1841
  • Arundo australis Cav. in Ann. Hist. Nat. 1: 100. 1799
  • =Arundo phragmites L., Sp. Pl.: 81. 1753
  • =Phragmites communis Trin., Fund. Agrost.: 134. 1820
  • =Arundo graeca Link in Linnaea 9: 136. 1834
  • =Phragmites humilis De Not., Index Seminum 1847: 27. 1847
  • =Phragmites pumila Willk., Iber. Halb.: 157. 1852
  • =Phragmites loscosii Willk., Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan.: 13. 1893
  • =Phragmites australis subsp. stenophyllus (Boiss.) Bor
  • =Phragmites gigantea J. Gay
  • =Phragmites vulgaris Samp.

Distribution

AE(G) Ab(A N) Ag Al Ar Au(A) Be(B L) Bl(I M N) Br Bu By Ca(C F G L T) Cg Cm Co Cr Cs Ct Cy Da Eg Es Fe Ga(F) Ge Gg Gr Hb He Ho Hs(A) Hu Ir It Jo Ko La Le Li Lu Ma Md(M P) Mo No Po Rf(C CS E N NW S) Rm Sa Se Si(S) Sk Sl Sn Su Sy Tn Tu(A E) Uk [aIs] 

Euro+Med not endemicA,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M: Albania nativenativeN,O,P; Algeria nativenativeQ,R,S; Armenia nativenativeT; Austria, with Liechtenstein nativenativeU (Austria nativenativeV,W); Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan (core) nativenativeT,X, Nakhchivan nativenativeT); Baleares (Ibiza nativenativeY, Mallorca nativenativeY, Menorca nativenativeY); Belarus nativenativeY; Belgium, with Luxembourg nativenativeU (Belgium nativeZ, Luxembourg nativeAA); Bulgaria nativenativeAB,U; Canary islands native (Fuerteventura nativenativeAC, Gomera nativenativeAD, Gran Canaria nativenativeAC, Lanzarote nativenativeAC, Tenerife nativenativeAC); Caucasia (Ab + Ar + Gg + Rf(CS)) nativeAD; Corsica nativenativeAE,AF,U; Crete, with Karpathos nativenativeU; Crimea nativenativeU; Croatia nativenativeAG,AH; Cyprus nativenativeAI,AJ; Czech Republic nativenativeAK,AL,AM,W; Denmark nativenativeAN,U; East Aegean islands (Greek East Aegean islands nativenativeAO); Egypt nativenativeAP; Estonia nativenativeAQ; Finland nativenativeAR,U; Former Yugoslavia nativenativeU; France, with Channel is. and Monaco nativenativeAS,U (France nativeAT); Georgia nativenativeAU,T; Germany nativenativeAV,AW,AX,U,W; Great Britain nativenativeU; Greece nativenativeU; Hungary nativenativeAY,AZ,U; Iceland casualBA; Ireland, with N Ireland nativenativeU; Israel/Palestine nativeBB,BC; Israel/Palestine-Jordan nativenativeBD; Italy, with San Marino and Vatican City nativenativeBE,U; Jordan nativenativeBC,BF; Kosovo native; Latvia native; Lebanon native; Lebanon-Syria nativenativeJ; Libya nativenativeC,Q; Madeira archipelago (Madeira island nativenativeAC, Porto Santo nativenativeAC); Moldova nativenativeBG; Montenegro nativeBH; Morocco nativenativeD,F,H,Q,R; Netherlands nativenativeBI,BJ,U; Norway nativenativeBK,U; Poland nativenativeBL,U,W; Portugal nativenativeU; Romania nativenativeBM,U; Russia (C European Russia nativenativeY, E European Russia nativenativeY, N European Russia nativenativeBN, NW European Russia nativenativeY, North Caucasus nativenativeT, S European Russia nativenativeY); Sardinia nativenativeBE,U; Serbia native; Serbia, with Kosovo nativenativeBO; Sicily, with Malta nativenativeU (Sicily nativenativeBE); Sinai nativenativeBC,J,L; Slovakia nativenativeAL,AM,BP; Slovenia nativenativeBQ; Spain, with Gibraltar and Andorra nativenativeBR,BS,U (Andorra nativeBT); Sweden nativenativeBU,BV,U; Switzerland nativenativeBW,U,W; Syria native; Tunisia nativenativeK,Q; Turkey nativeBX (Turkey, Asiatic part nativenativeAO, Turkey-in-Europe nativenativeU); Ukraine nativenativeY

Common Names

Aragonese (Spain): carrizoBY, caña pitaBY, cañapitaBY, cañetaBY, liscaBY, siscaBY, ziscaBY, ziscllaBY; Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese (Spain): carrizoBY; Basque (Spain): karrizoBY, lezkaBY, lezka arruntBY, lezka arruntaBY, lezka-arruntaBY, ugarritzaBY, ugarrizoBY, zarmikaBY; Catalan; Valencian (Spain): canutellaBY, canya bordaBY, canya d escombretasBY, canya-siscaBY, canya-siulaBY, canya-xiscaBY, canyapitaBY, canyaveraBY, canyaxiulaBY, canyetaBY, canyisBY, canyisosBY, canyissaBY, canyisusBY, canyotBY, canyotaBY, canyísBY, canyís del RossellóBY, carritxBY, carritxeraBY, carrísBY, càrricBY, càrritxBY, millocaBY, senillBY, senísBY, xiscaBY; English (Turkey): ReedBZ; Estonian (Estonia): Harilik pilliroogCA; Finnish (Finland): järviruokoCB; Galician (Spain): canaBY, canaveiraBY, canibelaBY, carrizoBY; German (Turkey): RohrschilfBZ; Hebrew (Israel): קָנֶה מָצוּיCC; High Aragonese (Spain): carrizoBY, caña pitaBY, liscaBY, ziscaBY, ziscllaBY; Latvian (Latvia): parastā niedreCA; Lithuanian (Lithuania): paprastoji nendrėCA; Majorcan (Ibiza): canyóBY; Majorcan (Mallorca): canya bordaBY, canyetBY, canyetaBY, canyissotBY, canyotBY, canyotaBY, carritxBY, caña bordaBY, cañetBY, cañisosBY, cañotBY, cañotaBY, ceñissosBY, fayasBY; Majorcan (Menorca): canyetBY, canyissotBY, senyísBY; Portuguese (Portugal): canissoBY, caniçoBY, caniço das vassoirasBY, caniço d´aiguaBY, caniço-d'águaBY, caniço-dos-ribeirosBY, carriçoBY, carriço bastardoBY, carriço d´aguaBY, phragmiteBY; Spanish; Castilian (Spain): carricilloBY, carrizaBY, carrizoBY, carrizo comúnBY, cañaBY, caña bordaBY, caña bordeBY, caña de ríoBY, cañafiflaBY, cañaveraBY, cañetaBY, cañeteBY, cañilgaBY, cañitaBY, cañizaBY, cañotaBY, cañoteBY, cañuela de céspedesBY, jiscasBY, manchegaBY, senillBY, siscaBY; Swedish (Sweden & Finland): vassCB; Turkish (Turkey): KamişBZ, SazBZ; Valencian (Spain): canya-xiscaBY, canyotaBY, canyísBY, carrisBY, carriçBY, carrísBY, cisclaBY, senillBY, siscaBY, xiscaBY

Bibliography

A. Burdet, H. M. 1993: Compléments au prodrome de la flore corse. Annexe 3 [Gamisans, J. & Jeanmonod, D.]. – Genève (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
B. Davis, P. H. 1985: Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands 9 (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
C. El-Gadi, A. A. 1988: Flora of Libya 145 (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
D. Emberger, L. & Maire, R. C. J. E. 1941: Catalogue des plantes du Maroc 4. – Alger (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
E. Gamisans, J. 1985: Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Corse. – Ajaccio (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
F. Jahandiez, É. & Maire, R. C. J. E. 1931: Catalogue des plantes du Maroc 1. – Alger (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
G. Meikle, R. D. 1985: Flora of Cyprus 2. – Kew (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
H. Nègre, R. 1961: Petite Flore des Regions Arides du Maroc Occidental 1 (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
I. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 3. – Bologna (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
J. Post, G. E. 1933: Flora of Syria, Palestine, and Sinai, 2 [Dinsmore, J. E.], 2. – Beirut (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
K. Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1979: Flore de la Tunisie (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
L. Täckholm, V. 1974: Students’ flora of Egypt, ed. 2. – Beirut (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
M. Viney, D. E. 1996: An illustrated flora of North Cyprus 2. – Vaduz (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
N. Barina, Z. 2017: Distribution atlas of vascular plants in Albania. – Budapest: Hungarian Natural History Museum
O. Demiri, M. 1983: Flora ekskursioniste e shqipërisë. – Tiranë: Shtëpia Botuese e Librit Shkollor (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
P. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
Q. Maire, R. C. J. E. 1953: Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maroc, Algérie, Tunisie, Tripolitaine, Cyrénaique et Sahara) 2 (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
R. Ozenda, P. 1977: Flore du Sahara, ed. 2. – Paris (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
S. Quézel, P. A. & Santa, S. 1962: Nouvelle flore de L'Algérie et des régions désertiques méridionales 1 (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
T. Takhtajan, A. L. 2006: Konspekt flory Kavkaza 2
U. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. 1964–1980: Flora europaea 1-5. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
V. Adler, W., Oswald, K. & Fischer, R. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Österreich. – Stuttgart & Wien
W. Hegi, G. 1983: Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa, ed. 3, I(3,lfg.2)
X. Karjagin, I. I. 1950: Flora Azerbajdžana 1. – Baku: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk Azerbajdžanskoj SSR (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
Y. Valdés, B. 2004: Personal Communication (Geographic adaptation)
Z. Lambinon, J. & Verloove, F. 2012: Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du nord de la France et des régions voisines (Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes), ed. 6. – Meise
AA. Colling, G. 2005: Red List of the Vascular Plants of Luxembourg. – Ferrantia 42
AB. Andreev, N. , Ančev, M. , Kožuharov, S. I. , Markova, M. , Peev, D. & Petrova, A. 1992: Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. – Sofija: Nauka i izkustvo
AC. Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. 1993: Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4th revised edition. – Sommerfeltia 17
AD. Scholz, H. 2003: Personal Communication (H.Scholz)
AE. Burdet, H. M. 1993: Compléments au prodrome de la flore corse. Annexe 3 [Gamisans, J. & Jeanmonod, D.]. – Genève
AF. Gamisans, J. 1985: Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Corse. – Ajaccio
AG. Nikolić, T. 2000: Flora Croatica. Index Florae Croaticae 3. – Zagreb: Croatian Natural History Museum
AH. Nikolić, T. 2020: Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske 3. – Zagreb
AI. Meikle, R. D. 1985: Flora of Cyprus 2. – Kew
AJ. Viney, D. E. 1996: An illustrated flora of North Cyprus 2. – Vaduz
AK. Danihelka, J., Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. 2012: Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. – Preslia 84: 647-811
AL. Dostál, J. 1989: Nová Květena ČSSR 2
AM. Kubát, K. 1992: Vel'ký kl'úč na učovanie vyšších rastlín II
AN. Hansen, K. 1993: Dansk feltflora. – København
AO. Davis, P. H. 1985: Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands 9
AP. Täckholm, V. 1974: Students’ flora of Egypt, ed. 2. – Beirut
AQ. Kukk, T. 1999: Vascular Plant Flora of Estonia. – Tartu-Tallinn: Teaduste Akadeemia Kirjastus
AR. Hämet-Ahti, L., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T. & Uotila, P. 1998: Retkeilykasvio, ed. 4. – Helsinki
AS. Guinochet, M. & Vilmorin, R. de 1978: Flore de France 3. – Paris
AT. Tison, J.-M. & de Foucault, B. 2014: Flora Gallica. – Mèze: Biotope
AU. Davlianidze, M. T., Gvinisashvili, T., Mukbaniani, M. V., Jinjolia, L. & Jugheli, T. 2018: Nomenclatural Checklist of Flora of Georgia. – Tbilisi: Ilia State University, Institute of Botany
AV. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 1994: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 4. Gefäßpflanzen: Kritischer Band, ed. 8. – Jena, Stuttgart
AW. Rothmaler, W. H. P. 2000: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Gefäßpflanzen: Atlasband 10, ed. 10, 3
AX. Wisskirchen, R. & Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. – Stuttgart
AY. Horváth, F., Dobolyi, Z. K., Morschhauser, T, Lőkös, L., Karas, L. & Szerdahelyi, T. 1995: Flóra adatbázis 1.2. Taxon-lista és attribútum allomány. – Vácrátót
AZ. Simon, T. 1992: A magyarországi edényes flóra határozója. Harasztok - virágos növények. – Budapest
BA. Wasowicz, P., Przedpelska-Wasowicz, E. M. & Kristinsson, H. 2013: Alien vascular plants in Iceland: Diversity, spatial patterns, temporal trends, and the impact of climate change. – Flora 208: 648-673
BB. Ali-Shtayeh, M. S., Jamous, R. M. & Abuzaitoun, S. Y. 2022: Analysis of floristic composition and species diversity of vascular plants native to the State of Palestine (West Bank and Gaza Strip). – Biodivers. Data J. 10(e80427): 1-24. http://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e80427
BC. Fragman-Sapir, O., Plitmann, U., Heller, D., Shmida, A. & al. 1999: Checklist and ecological data-base of the flora of Israel and its surroundings including Israel, Jordan, the Palestinian Autonomy, Golan Heights, Mt Hermon and Sinai. – Jerusalem: Dep. of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
BD. Post, G. E. 1933: Flora of Syria, Palestine, and Sinai, 2 [Dinsmore, J. E.], 2. – Beirut
BE. Pignatti, S. 1982: Flora d'Italia 3. – Bologna
BF. Taifour, H. & El-Oqlah, A. A. 2017: The plants of Jordan. An annotated checklist. – Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens
BG. Gejdeman, T. S. 1986: Opredelitel' vysših rastenij Moldavskoj SSR, ed. 3. – Kisinev: Shtiintza
BH. Rohlena, J. 1942: Conspectus florae montenegrinae. – Preslia. Věstník (Časopis) československé botanické společnosti 20-21: 1-506 (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
BI. Duistermaat, H., Sparrius, L. B. & Denters, T. 2021: Standaardlijst van de Nederlandse flora 2020. – Gorteria; mededelingenblad ten dienste van de floristiek en het vegetatie-onderzoek van Nederland 43: 109-156
BJ. Meijden, R. van der 1990: Heukels' Flora van Nederland, ed. 21. – Groningen
BK. Lid, D. T. 1994: Norsk Flora, ed. 6. – Oslo
BL. Mirek, Z. 1995: Vascular plants of Poland. A Checklist. – Polish Botanical Studies Guidebook Series 15
BM. Ciocârlan, V. 1990: Flora ilustrata a României 2. – Bucureşti: Editura Ceres
BN. Tolmatchew, A. I. 1964: Flora arctica URSS 2. – Moskva & Leningrad (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
BO. Josifović, M. 1976: Flora SR Srbije = Flore de la Republique Socialiste de Serbie 8. – Beograd: Acadeie Serbe des sciences et des arts (as Phragmites communis Trin.)
BP. Marhold, K. & Hindák, F. 1998: Zoznam nižších a vyšších rastlín Slovenska. – Bratislava
BQ. Martinčič, A. 1999: Mala flora Slovenije, ed. 3. – Ljubljana
BR. Bolòs, O. de, Vigo Bonada, J., Masalles, R. M. & Ninot, J. M. 1990: Flora manual dels països catalans. – Barcelona
BS. Valdés, B., Talavera, S. & Fernández-Galiano, E. 1987: Flora vascular de Andalucía occidental 3. – Barcelona
BT. Carrillo, E., Mercadé, A., Ninot, J. M., Carreras, J., Ferré, A. & Font, X. 2008: Check-list i Llista vermella de la flora d’Andorra
BU. Karlsson, T. 1998: Förteckning över svenska kärlväxter. – Svensk botanisk tidskrift utgifven af svenska botaniska föreningen 91(5): 241-560
BV. Krok, T. O. B. N. & Almquist, S. O. I. 1994: Svensk Flora: Fanerogamer och ormbunksvaxter 27, ed. 27. – Stockholm
BW. Aeschimann, D. & Burdet, H. M. 1994: Flore de la Suisse, ed. 2. – Neuchâtel
BX. Güner, A. 2012: Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. – Istanbul
BY. anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
BZ. Akaydın, G. 2009: Beytepe bitkileri
CA. Kuusk, V., Tabaka, L. & Jankjavičene, R. 2003: Flora baltijskich respublik. Flora of the Baltic countries. 3. – Tartu
CB. Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R., Piirainen, M. & Uotila, P. 2019: Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland. Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo. – Helsinki: Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS
CC. Danin, A.: Flora of Israel Online – http://flora.huji.ac.il